Taxable vs. Tax Advantaged Investments
How taxes are applied to an investment can make an incredible difference. This calculator is designed to help compare a normal taxable investment to two common tax advantaged situations: an investment where taxes are deferred until withdrawals are made, and an investment where taxes are paid on money that goes into the account, but all withdrawals are tax free.Investment contributions and withdrawals: |
Investment taxes: |
Annual After-Tax Withdrawal |
Annual Balance of Accounts |
Definitions
Annual rate of return
This is the annual rate of return you expect from your investments after taxes. The actual rate of return is largely dependent on the types of investments you select. The Standard & Poor's 500® (S&P 500®) for the 10 years ending December 31st 2023, had an annual compounded rate of return of 15.2%, including reinvestment of dividends. From January 1, 1970 to December 31st 2023, the average annual compounded rate of return for the S&P 500®, including reinvestment of dividends, was approximately 10.9% (source: www.spglobal.com). Since 1970, the highest 12-month return was 61% (June 1982 through June 1983). The lowest 12-month return was -43% (March 2008 to March 2009). Savings accounts at a financial institution may pay as little as 0.25% or less but carry significantly lower risk of loss of principal balances.
It is important to remember that these scenarios are hypothetical and that future rates of return can't be predicted with certainty and that investments that pay higher rates of return are generally subject to higher risk and volatility. The actual rate of return on investments can vary widely over time, especially for long-term investments. This includes the potential loss of principal on your investment. It is not possible to invest directly in an index and the compounded rate of return noted above does not reflect sales charges and other fees that investment funds and/or investment companies may charge.
Years to contribute
Number of years you plan on making contributions.
Years of withdraws
Number of years you plan on taking distributions. Enter '1' for a lump sum distribution. All distributions are assumed to happen at the beginning of the period.
Existing balance
Any existing balance for the accounts.
New contributions
Your periodic contribution. All contributions are assumed to happen at the beginning of the period.
Contribution frequency
The frequency of your contributions. The options are Monthly, Quarterly, or Annually. All contributions are assumed to be made at the beginning of the period.
Withdrawal frequency
The frequency of your distributions. The options are Monthly, Quarterly or Annually. All distributions are assumed to be taken at the end of the period.
Tax during contributions / withdrawals*
Your estimated marginal tax rate. Use the ‘Filing Status and Federal Income Tax Rates on Taxable Income’ table to assist you in estimating your federal tax rate.
Tax Rate | Married Filing Jointly or Qualified Widow(er) | Single | Head of Household | Married Filing Separately |
---|---|---|---|---|
10% | $0 - $23,200 | $0 - $11,600 | $0 - $16,550 | $0 - $11,600 |
12% | $23,200 - $94,300 | $11,600 - $47,150 | $16,550 - $63,100 | $11,600 - $47,150 |
22% | $94,300 - $201,050 | $47,150 - $100,525 | $63,100 - $100,500 | $47,150 - $100,525 |
24% | $201,050 - $383,900 | $100,525 - $191,950 | $100,500 - $191,950 | $100,525 - $191,950 |
32% | $383,900 - $487,450 | $191,950 - $243,725 | $191,950 - $243,700 | $191,950 - $243,725 |
35% | $487,450 - $731,200 | $243,725 - $609,350 | $243,700 - $609,350 | $243,725 - $365,600 |
37% | Over $731,200 | Over $609,350 | Over $609,350 | Over $365,600 |
*Caution: Do not use these tax rate schedules to figure 2023 taxes. Use only to figure 2024 estimates. Source: Rev. Proc. 2023-48 |
Increase tax-deferred contribution by tax deduction savings
If you check this box the calculator will assume contributions to the tax-deferred investment are tax-deductible when they are made. The calculator will then increase the contribution amount for the tax-deferred investment by the amount required to make the net contribution equal to the investments that have contributions made on an after-tax basis.